Bathymetry and water column correction
LANDSAT 8 OLIP 
at Andros Bank, Bahamas
7671*7841, 30 m pixel size, UTM zone 18
scene LC80120442013202LGN00, July 21rst 2013. Image courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey
 
Work done november 2013
 
Using the Panchromatic band for water column correction
to derive water depth and spectral bottom signature:

Landsat 8 OLIP bandset used for this work
Purple=1Blue=2Green=3PAN=4Red=5NIR=6 and SWIR1=7

This is end spring in the Bahamas: lots of greeneries.
Sun light is plentyfull.
 
 
 
home
The "PAN solution"
Retrieved depth
Bottom reflectance

The "PAN solution"
only uses Purple, Blue and Green against the PAN band

as illustrated in the image below,
where green pixels have been processed by the "Green solution",
and grey pixels by the "PAN solution".
The PAN soluton uses all the information contained in these four wavebands.





Water column correction: retrieved depth along Profile Blue
Performance of the PAN band reaches ~30 m over very bright bottoms
in this OIB+0.8 water type of Jerlov

Retrieved depth in decimeters
using purple, blue, and green against PAN

Retrieved depth in centimetrs
using purple, blue, and green against PAN
 
Deglinted TCC
shows Profile_Blue

 
  • this Bahamas Bank is a plateau ~8 m deep, with very steeep edges
  • most bottoms are quite dark in june
  • most bottoms are quite green in june
  Retrieved depth
 and water column corrected reflectances

 along Profile Blue







Water column correction: bottom reflectance
Spectral reflectance of the brightest bottoms:
0.390 0.470 0.527 0.541 0.589 0.690 0.290
on the scale 0-1, as calibrated using the MTL textfile
This is approximately at the lowest limit for carbonate sands in a coral reef environment
Brightest bottoms are represented in shades of purple-pink
in this image of average bottom brightness

Color composite
of water column corrected bottom reflectances
for bands 3, 2 and 1

TCC of normalized bottom reflectance
 
 

NDR=(LB1-LB3)/(LB1+LB3)
NormalizedDifferenceRatio
  • negative values are mapped in shades of green
  • positive values are mapped in shades of purple
  • LB are BOA water column corrected reflectances

image B
 Most bottoms  are quit dark in june!

 






Downloads
Download
Andros July 21rst 2013
andros_20130721_result_Smoothed_20131203.zip (119 MB)

from GoogleDrive
 
ReadMe.txt
Image Landsat 8 LC80120442013202LGN00_MTL.txt,
courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey
Modeling results using 4SM.4.17 on 20131203 by Yann MOREL, rspfsm@gmail.com
 
NameZipFile: andros_20130721_result_Smoothed_20131203.zip
It contains the following:
andros_20130721_result_Zcm_Smoothed 7671*7841 16bits_signed not_swapped
andros_20130721_result_NDR_Smoothed 7671*7841 16bits_signed not_swapped
andros_20130721_result_WCC1_Smoothed 7671*7841 8 bits
andros_20130721_result_WCC2_Smoothed 7671*7841 8 bits
andros_20130721_result_WCC3_Smoothed 7671*7841 8 bits
andros_20130721_result_WZ_Smoothed 7671*7841 8 bits
LC80120442013202LGN00_MTL.txt
 
This scene has 7671 rows and 7841 lines.
Open the image files as raw rasters (no header, no footer, no_byte_swap).
See metadata/georeferencing in textfile LC80120442013202LGN00_MTL.txt from USGS.
WCC1, 2 and 3 are BOA water column corrected bands 1, 2 and 3, scaled 0-255.
Zcm maps retrieved depth in centimeters.
NDR maps the ratio NDR=1000*(WCC1-WCC3)/(WCC1+WCC3).
WZ  maps:
-deep at 240
-nodata  at 239
-clouds  at 234
-lands  at 248
-PAN   solution at   4: this uses purple, blue, green and panchro bands
-GREEN solution at   3: this uses purple, blue,       and green   bands
 
Calibrated reflectances  observed: purple blue   green  pan    red    nir    swir1
Maximum shallow bottom   observed: 0.3899 0.4700 0.5270 0.5413 0.5890 0.6903 0.2897 
Water volume reflectance observed: 0.0519 0.0477 0.0043 0.0025 0.0009 0.0000 0.0000 
Path         reflectance observed: 0.0792 0.0555 0.0555 0.0511 0.0385 0.0246 0.0115 
 

Command Line
december 2nd 2013
nice -20  4SM  -Process  -Origin/USGS                       
-DB/andros_20130721/40_3S_7S_0s/7_44/7671_7841/235.815_2673.885_0_0/1_1       
-Mis/Bahamas/Andros/Landsat/OLIP/TIF/UTM_55_008/0.030_0.030/27_JUN_2013   
-import/data*LC80120442013202LGN00                       
-LS/030000/30000/30000/30000/30000/30000/30000           
@WLM0450.0/510.0/590.0/680.0/670.0/880.0/01650           
@WLm0430.0/450.0/530.0/500.0/640.0/850.0/01570           
-WL/0470.0/480.0/560.0/590.0/600.0/865.0/01610           
-SCL001742/01869/02020/01975/02071/02466/01289           
-LsM/316.3/330.2/338.7/352.3/355.9/340.5/274.5           
-Lsw/088.4/064.9/034.7/031.9/022.3/011.7/010.5           
@dLsw000.0/000.0/000.0/000.0/000.0/000.0/000.0           
-Lw/0035.0/030.0/002.5/001.5/000.5/000.0/000.0           
-Lm/0000.5/000.5/000.5/000.5/002.0/003.0/255.0           
-M/@000001/@0002/00003/000004/@0005/@0006/00007           
-KK2_3_0.60/Knir15.70/Bm400_BG520_GR590_RN700/mask_4       
-Z/MSL0.00d/cSL1.5/N_2/NDR_43_1000_zDTM/no_mask           
-B/tclNe/cNorm5.0/Bmin10/cLM1                     
-deglint/vRbaD/GlintM90                       
-extract/v/rawBDH/fullBDH/NIRband7/NIRmax60/mapBPL/mBPL3     
-calibrate/V/BdSMpzg/Plot_BPL/BC_6_5_4_2/BDh_12_23_24       
-Model/v/runWV2/MakeClouds/mask_3   -TPsV/2/4/Text/100 -LL10   
-Smooth/5/D/Smart+                       
 

 

Calibration diagram for bands Blue, PAN, Red and NIR
This image allowed me to consolidate the calibration of the PAN band in 4SM
Spectral reflectance of the brightest bottoms:
0.39 0.47 0.53 0.54 0.59 0.69 0.29
on the scale 0-1, as calibrated using the MTL textfile

 








 
  
Download
Andros November 10th 2013

andros_20131110_result_NotSmoothed_20131203.zip (285 MB)
from GoogleDrive
 
ReadMe.txt
Image Landsat 8 LC80120442013314LGN00_MTL.txt,
courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey
Modeling results using 4SM.4.17 on 20131203 by Yann MOREL, rspfsm@gmail.com
 
NameZipFile: andros_20131110_result_NotSmoothed_20131203.zip
It contains the following:
andros_20131110_result_Zcm_NotSmoothed 7671*7841 16bits_signed not_swapped
andros_20131110_result_NDR_NotSmoothed 7671*7841 16bits_signed not_swapped
andros_20131110_result_WCC1_NotSmoothed 7671*7841 8 bits
andros_20131110_result_WCC2_NotSmoothed 7671*7841 8 bits
andros_20131110_result_WCC3_NotSmoothed 7671*7841 8 bits
andros_20131110_result_WZ_NotSmoothed 7671*7841 8 bits
LC80120442013314LGN00_MTL.txt
 
This scene has 7671 rows and 7841 lines.
Open the image files as raw rasters (no header, no footer, no_byte_swap).
See metadata/georeferencing in textfile LC80120442013314LGN00_MTL.txt from USGS.
WCC1, 2 and 3 are BOA water column corrected bands 1, 2 and 3, scaled 0-255.
Zcm maps retrieved depth in centimeters.
NDR maps the ratio NDR=1000*(WCC1-WCC3)/(WCC1+WCC3).
WZ  maps:
-deep at 240
-nodata at 239
-clouds at 234
-lands at 248
-PAN   solution at   4: this uses purple, blue, green and panchro bands
-GREEN solution at   3: this uses purple, blue,       and green   bands
 
Calibrated reflectances  observed: purple blue   green  pan    red    nir    swir1
Maximum shallow bottom   observed: 0.3398 0.4130 0.4927 0.5151 0.5513 0.6617 0.2727 
Water volume reflectance observed: 0.0525 0.0307 0.0044 0.0158 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 
Path         reflectance observed: 0.0707 0.0619 0.0412 0.0249 0.0244 0.0111 0.0018 
 

Note that the shallow vegetation is much less active in november  than in june
Lee Stocking Island is located in this scene
Command Line
nice -20  4SM  -Process  -Origin/USGS                       
-DB/andros_20130721/40_3S_7S_0s/7_44/7671_7841/235.815_2673.885_0_0/1_1       
-Mis/Bahamas/Andros/Landsat/OLIP/TIF/UTM_55_008/0.030_0.030/27_JUN_2013   
-import/data*LC80120442013202LGN00                       
-LS/030000/30000/30000/30000/30000/30000/30000           
@WLM0450.0/510.0/590.0/680.0/670.0/880.0/01650           
@WLm0430.0/450.0/530.0/500.0/640.0/850.0/01570           
-WL/0470.0/480.0/560.0/590.0/610.0/865.0/01610           
-SCL001742/01869/02020/01975/02071/02466/01289           
-LsM/291.8/301.6/314.7/322.9/325.4/312.5/251.5           
-Lsw/086.6/064.1/035.6/032.5/024.9/013.6/016.8           
-dLsw005.0/005.0/003.0/004.0/004.0/004.0/000.0           
-Lw/0037.0/035.2/002.5/001.5/000.0/000.0/000.0           
-Lm/0000.5/000.5/000.5/000.5/002.0/003.0/255.0           
-M/@000001/@0002/00003/00004/@0005/@0006/00007           
-KK2_3_0.60/Knir15.70/Bm400_BG520_GR590_RN700/mask_4       
-Z/MSL0.00d/cSL1.5/N_2/NDR_43_1000_zDTM/no_mask           
-B/tclNe/cNorm5.0/Bmin10/cLM1                    
-deglint/vRbaD/GlintM90                       
-extract/v/rawBDH/FullBDH/NIRband7/NIRmax60/mapBPL/mBPL3 /Mask_3 Eshp    
-Calibrate/V/BdSMpzg/Plot_BPL/BC_6_5_3_2/BDh_12_13_14       
-Model/v/runWV2/mask_3        -TPsV/2/4/Text/100 -LL10   
-Smooth/5/D/Smart+                       
 
 
 



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